| significant role in empowerment of women. Consequently unequal distribution of rights did not continue because rights are tied to responsibilities because women’s contribution to the financial support. In 1980s there was a major rise of women activists who argued for total eradication of Islamic law in the favor of western secular law. While others demanded reforms on the basis of Quranic spirit in such a way that women could also participate along with men in interpreting religion and religious law. Chapter 1: The Sources of Islamic Law There is one God in Islam and man’s duty is to submit to the will of the God. The Islamic community should be a demonstration and mirror of divine law. The Muslim concern is to execute such Law which inspired the conquests of various regions however, Muslim’s idea to change the world was not an effortless job because of the new issues with such geographical expansion so judges gave the job to make legal decisions. In the eighth century after hijra some pious Muslims attracted the followers and made their own schools of law out of which only four survived over time which differed in a number of ways so Muhammad bin Idrees al-Shafii sought to systematize the methodologies thus limit the growing diversity in Islamic law. It is the result of his efforts that Qiyas and Ijma also became the sources of deduction of Islamic rulings. 1. The Quran: Only eighty verses of the Quran comprise injunctions. For women Quran made reforms in three areas, these are marriage (mehr, and limitization of polygamy), divorce (opportunity of reconciliation, and waiting period) and inheritance (inclusion of female heirs). 2. The Sunnah: the compilation of the Hadith literature was completed by the middle of the ninth century by which variety of legal opinions developed because of mass of diverse hadiths. The evaluation of the hadith produced science of Hadith. The examination of matn is also the part of hadith science involved critically analyse if the issue contradicted the Quran, a confirmed tradition or the consensus of the scholars. 3. Qiyas: it is a restricted form of ijtihad and a reasoning by analogy. Among the earliest usage of qiyas was the fixing of the minimum qower. 4. Ijma: ijma began as a method for solving new issues and problems and for making decisions according to Islamic spirit, depending upon the agreement of majority view against the unreliability of a person’ reasoning. There are two types of ijma: i. ijma al-umma and ii. Ijma al-aimmah where the authority for ijma al-umma is not found in early legal texts. 5. Istihsan: It is a firm analogical reasoning led to a rigid result. It is associated with Hanafi School, Shafis completely rejected it. 6. Istislah: It is a tool of interpretation and not a material source of substantive law. 7. Istishab: The term refers to the supposition in the law that situations known |